| Adrenaline | Hormone increased by the sympathetic system to aid in fight or flight responses. |
| Autonomic Nervous System | System that regulates involuntary body functions, including the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. |
| Bladder | Organ whose contraction is inhibited by the sympathetic system and controlled by the parasympathetic system. |
| Bronchi | Air passages in the lungs, constricted by the parasympathetic and relaxed by the sympathetic system. |
| Craniosacral | Origin of parasympathetic nerves from the cranial and sacral regions. |
| Digestive Activity | Process stimulated by the parasympathetic and inhibited by the sympathetic system. |
| Dorsal Root Ganglion | Location housing cell bodies of sensory neurons in the reflex arc. |
| Epinephrine | Hormone, synonymous with adrenaline, released by the sympathetic nervous system. |
| Fight or Flight | Response prepared by the sympathetic system for intense physical activity. |
| Gallbladder | Organ stimulated by the parasympathetic system for bile release. |
| Heart Rate | Function decreased by the parasympathetic and increased by the sympathetic system. |
| Homeostasis | Maintenance of stable internal conditions balanced by parasympathetic and sympathetic interactions. |
| Interneuron | Neuron that relays signals in the reflex arc. |
| Liver | Organ affected by both the parasympathetic (bile release) and sympathetic (glucose release) systems. |
| Motor Neuron | Neuron that carries signals to muscles in the reflex arc. |
| Norepinephrine | Hormone released by the sympathetic system similar to adrenaline. |
| Orgasm | Function stimulated by the sympathetic system. |
| Parasympathetic Nervous System | System promoting "rest and digest" activities. |
| Pupil | Eye part constricted by the parasympathetic and dilated by the sympathetic system. |
| Reflex Arc | Pathway for rapid response to stimulus without conscious brain involvement. |
| Salivation | Process stimulated by the parasympathetic and inhibited by the sympathetic system. |
| Sensory Neuron | Neuron transmitting signals in the reflex arc. |
| Spinal Cord | Central structure in the nervous system for nerve emergence. |
| Sympathetic Nervous System | System involved in "fight or flight" responses. |
| Thoracolumbar | Origin of sympathetic nerves from the thoracic and lumbar regions. |
| Vagus Nerve | Major parasympathetic nerve affecting the heart, lungs, and digestive tract. |
