| Afferent | Referring to vessels or nerves that carry fluid or signals towards a particular organ or structure, such as lymphatic vessels bringing lymph into a lymph node. |
| Arteries | Blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body. |
| Axillary Lymph Nodes | Lymph nodes located in the armpits, responsible for draining lymph from the upper limbs, breast, and upper wall of the abdomen. |
| Capsule | The tough outer covering of a lymph node. |
| Cortex | The outer part of the lymph node, containing densely packed immune cells. |
| Efferent | Referring to vessels or nerves that carry fluid or signals away from an organ or structure, such as lymphatic vessels taking filtered lymph away from a lymph node. |
| Endothelial Cells | Cells that form the inner lining of lymphatic capillaries, blood vessels, and the heart, allowing fluid from the surrounding tissue to enter the lymphatic system while preventing the lymph from leaking out. |
| Germinal Center | Areas within the lymphatic nodules of the cortex of a lymph node where B-cells proliferate and differentiate into antibody-producing cells. |
| Hip Bones | The bones forming the pelvis, including the iliac crests, which are the upper borders of the pelvis. |
| Iliac Crests | The upper borders of the pelvis, part of the hip bones. |
| Intercostal Spaces | The spaces between the ribs, which are supplied blood by the intercostal arteries. |
| Intestinal Lymph Nodes | Lymph nodes associated with the gastrointestinal tract, involved in filtering lymph from this region. |
| Lymph | A clear fluid that circulates in the lymphatic system, containing white blood cells, especially lymphocytes, which fight infection. |
| Lymph Capillaries | Small lymphatic vessels that collect excess tissue fluid, now called lymph, from the interstitial spaces. |
| Lymph Nodes | Small, bean-shaped structures that act as filters for harmful substances, containing immune cells that help fight infection by attacking and destroying germs carried in through the lymph fluid. |
| Lymphatic System | A part of the circulatory system, comprising a network of lymphatic vessels that transport lymph—a fluid containing white blood cells—to fight infection. |
| Lymphatic Vessels | Vessels that form a complex network designed to transport lymph throughout the body. |
| Lumbar Spine | The part of the spine located in the lower back, consisting of vertebrae and intervertebral discs. |
| Medulla | The innermost part of a lymph node, containing medullary cords and sinuses through which lymph flows. |
| Pelvis | The lower part of the torso, formed by the hip bones, sacrum, and coccyx. |
| Rib Cage | The part of the skeleton that encloses the thoracic cavity, consisting of the ribs and sternum. |
| Sacrum | A large, triangular bone at the base of the spine, forming the upper part of the pelvis. |
| Spleen | An organ under the ribs on the left side of the body, filtering blood, recycling old red blood cells, and helping mount an immune response. |
| Sternum | A flat bone that forms the front part of the rib cage, providing attachment for the ribs. |
| Thymus | An organ situated in the chest, involved in the maturation of T-cells, which are critical for adaptive immunity. |
| Trabeculae | Supportive structures within a lymph node that divide it into compartments. |
| Veins | Blood vessels that return deoxygenated blood back to the heart from the rest of the body. |
