| Bladder | A muscular sac in the pelvis, just above and behind the pubic bone, that collects and stores urine from the kidneys before disposal by urination. |
| Ureter | A pair of tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. |
| Urethra | The tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body. In males, it also serves as a conduit for semen during ejaculation. |
| Prostate Gland | A gland in the male reproductive system that surrounds the neck of the bladder and urethra. It produces prostatic fluid, which is a component of semen. |
| Internal Urethral Sphincter | An involuntary sphincter that controls the flow of urine from the bladder into the urethra. |
| External Urethral Sphincter | A voluntary sphincter that allows control over the discharge of urine from the bladder. |
| Trigone | A triangular area at the base of the bladder where the ureters enter and the urethra exits; sensitive to stretching and plays a role in signaling the need to urinate. |
| Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) | An enlargement of the prostate gland that can cause urinary dysfunction. |
| Prostatitis | Inflammation of the prostate gland, often due to infection, that can cause urinary and pelvic pain. |
| Detrusor Muscle | The smooth muscle layer of the bladder wall that contracts to expel urine. |
| Peritoneum | A membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers most of the abdominal organs, including the superior aspect of the bladder. |
| Seminal Vesicles | Glands that produce fluid that partly composes semen. |
| Epididymis | A long, coiled tube that stores sperm and transports it from the testes. |
| Testes | The male reproductive organs that produce sperm and testosterone. |
| Vas Deferens | The duct that conveys sperm from the testicle to the urethra. |
| Renal Pelvis | The central part of the kidney where urine collects before being passed to the ureter. |
| Kidneys | A pair of bean-shaped organs that filter waste products from the blood and produce urine. |
| Suprapubic | Pertaining to the region above the pubic bone where the bladder is located. |
| Micturition | The process of urination or voiding the bladder. |
| Ureterovesical Junction | The point where the ureter enters the bladder, which is designed to prevent backflow of urine. |
