| Pinna (Auricle) | The visible part of the ear that is outside the head and helps to collect sound waves. | | | |
| Ear Canal | The tube leading from the outer ear to the eardrum. | | | |
| Eardrum (Tympanic Membrane) | A thin membrane that vibrates in response to sound waves, marking the beginning of the middle ear. | | | |
| Ossicles | The three small bones in the middle ear (malleus, incus, stapes) that transmit sound vibrations. | | | |
| Malleus | The first of the three ossicles, attached to the eardrum and connected to the incus. | | | |
| Incus | The middle ossicle, which transmits vibrations from the malleus to the stapes. | | | |
| Stapes | The last of the ossicles, which transmits sound vibrations to the oval window of the cochlea. | | | |
| Oval Window | The membrane-covered opening that receives vibrations from the stapes and leads into the cochlea. | | | |
| Round Window | A flexible membrane that allows for movement of fluid within the cochlea when the oval window vibrates. | | | |
| Cochlea | The spiral-shaped organ in the inner ear that translates vibrations into neural signals. | | | |
| Semicircular Canals | Three looped tubes filled with fluid that help maintain balance and detect rotational movements of the head. | | | |
| Organ of Corti | The sensory organ inside the cochlea, containing hair cells that convert fluid waves into electrical signals. | | | |
| Hair Cells | Sensory receptors within the Organ of Corti that are responsible for converting sound vibrations into nerve impulses. | | | |
| Basilar Membrane | The membrane in the cochlea that supports the Organ of Corti and responds to different frequencies of sound. | | | |
| Tectorial Membrane | The membrane that lies above the hair cells in the Organ of Corti and is critical for their stimulation. | | | |
| Auditory Nerve | The nerve that carries auditory signals from the cochlea to the brain for interpretation as sound. | | | |
| Vestibular System | The system that includes the semicircular canals and other structures, helping to maintain balance and spatial orientation. | | | |
| Scala Vestibuli | The upper canal in the cochlea filled with perilymph fluid, which is part of the pathway for sound-induced fluid waves. | | | |
| Scala Tympani | The lower canal in the cochlea, also filled with perilymph and part of the fluid wave pathway. | | | |
| Cochlear Duct | The middle canal in the cochlea, filled with endolymph and housing the Organ of Corti. | | | |
| Perilymph | The fluid that fills the scala vestibuli and scala tympani in the cochlea. | | | |
| Endolymph | The fluid within the cochlear duct (scala media) that bathes the hair cells of the Organ of Corti. | | | |
