| Arachnoid Granulations | Small protrusions of the arachnoid membrane through the dura mater, allowing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to pass into the dural sinus for drainage into the venous system. |
| Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) | A clear, colorless body fluid found in the brain and spinal cord, acting as a cushion or buffer for the brain's cortex, providing basic mechanical and immunological protection to the brain inside the skull, and serving a vital function in the cerebral autoregulation of cerebral blood flow. |
| Dura Mater | The outermost, toughest, and most fibrous of the three membranes (meninges) covering the brain and spinal cord, providing significant protection to the brain. |
| Gray Matter | The darker-colored regions of the brain and spinal cord, consisting mainly of neuronal cell bodies and branching dendrites, responsible for processing and integrating information. |
| Pia Mater | The delicate innermost layer of the meninges that closely adheres to the surface of the brain and spinal cord, following all its contours and blood vessels. |
| Skin | The outer covering of the body, consisting of a layer of tissues that protect the underlying muscles and organs. |
| Skull | The bone structure that forms the head in vertebrates, supporting the structures of the face and protecting the brain. |
| Subarachnoid Space | The interval between the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater, filled with cerebrospinal fluid and containing large blood vessels. |
| Subcutaneous Tissue | The layer of tissue lying immediately below the dermis of the skin, consisting of connective tissue and fat, providing insulation and cushioning to the body. |
| Superior Sagittal Sinus | A dural sinus (large vein) located within the folds of the dura mater along the midline on top of the brain, responsible for draining blood from the brain back to the heart. |
| White Matter | The paler tissue of the brain and spinal cord, consisting mainly of nerve fibers with their myelin sheaths, responsible for transmitting signals within the nervous system. |
